| fv/bf | 化 | 化 | melt, transform influence | hua4 |
| fv | 分化 | 分化 | differentiate | fen1 hua4 |
| fv | 欧化 | 歐化 | Europeanized | ou1 hua4 |
| fv/n | 感化 | 感化 | reform, influence/reformation | gan3 hua4 |
| n | 化学 | 化學 | chemistry | hua4 xue2 |
| n | 文化 | 文化 | culture, civilization | wen2 hua4 |
| sv | 开化 | 開化 | civilized | kai1 hua4 |
| sv | 科学化 | 科學化 | scientific | ke1 xue2 hua4 |

